Many dogs and some cats have a double coat. This means they have two layers of fur: a soft, dense undercoat and a tougher, longer outer coat. This type of coat helps protect them from both cold and heat. It also sheds in cycles, often more heavily during spring and fall. Understanding how to care for a double coat during these times can help keep your pet comfortable and their coat healthy.
What is a Double Coat?
A double coat is designed for insulation. The soft undercoat provides warmth in winter and helps regulate temperature in summer. The coarser guard hairs of the outer coat protect the skin from sun, dirt, and moisture. When seasons change, your pet’s body naturally adjusts its coat. This leads to what groomers call “blowing coat,” where large amounts of undercoat are shed.
Recognizing Seasonal Shedding
You will likely notice more hair around your home. Your pet’s coat might look dull or feel thicker than usual. You might see clumps of loose hair coming out when you pet them. This is a normal process. It means their body is getting rid of the old undercoat to make way for a new one better suited for the upcoming season.
Brushing is Your Best Tool
Regular brushing is the most important step during seasonal shedding. It helps remove the loose undercoat before it can cause mats. Mats can be uncomfortable and pull on the skin. They can also trap moisture and dirt.
Use tools designed for double coats. An undercoat rake has long teeth that reach through the guard hairs to pull out the loose undercoat. A slicker brush can help after the rake to smooth the outer coat and catch any remaining loose hairs.
Brush in sections. Start at the bottom of a leg or flank and work your way up and forward. Use a technique called “line brushing.” You part the hair, brush a small section down to the skin, and then move to the next section. This ensures you get all the way through the thick undercoat. Do this several times a week, or even daily, during heavy shedding periods.
Bathing During a Shedding Cycle
Bathing can help release a lot of that loose undercoat. The warm water and shampoo help loosen the hair follicles. Follow with a good conditioner to help soften the coat and make it easier to brush.
When shampooing, make sure to work the product down to the skin. Rinse thoroughly. After shampoo, apply a conditioner like Insolence. This can help hydrate the coat and make it more manageable for brushing out. Let the conditioner sit for a few minutes before rinsing.
After bathing, drying is crucial. Use a high-velocity dryer if you have one. This tool blows water and loose hair out of the coat very effectively. If you do not have one, towel-dry as much as possible, then use a regular hairdryer on a cool or low setting. Always brush while drying to help separate the hairs and ensure no damp spots remain. Damp undercoat can lead to skin issues or matting.
What Not to Do
Avoid shaving a double-coated pet unless a veterinarian recommends it for a medical reason. Shaving can damage the coat’s ability to insulate. It can also cause the undercoat to grow back thicker than the guard hairs, leading to a “blown coat” appearance year-round and potential skin problems. The coat may not grow back correctly.
Also, do not try to pull apart large mats by hand. This can be painful for your pet. If you encounter a mat that cannot be brushed out gently, it is best to visit a professional groomer. They have the tools and experience to remove mats safely.
Maintaining Between Baths
Even outside of heavy shedding, a double coat benefits from regular brushing. A quick brush a few times a week can prevent smaller mats from forming. It also helps distribute natural oils, keeping the coat shiny and healthy. Check behind the ears, under the legs, and around the tail for any tangles. These areas tend to mat more easily.
A leave-in conditioner spray like Envy can be used between baths. It provides lightweight moisture and can help with minor tangles. It also acts as an odor absorber. Spray it lightly and brush through to keep the coat fresh and conditioned.
Caring for a double coat during seasonal shedding takes time and effort. With consistent brushing and proper bathing techniques, you can help your pet stay comfortable and maintain a healthy coat.